EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AUTISTIC TRAITS AND MOBILE SCREEN TIME

Abstract

Background: Smartphone ownership has transformed human life into numerous ways, becoming a fundamental part of daily life. Despite their benefits excessive smartphone use has been linked to various negative consequences including poor sleep, reduced physical activity, and depressive symptoms. Recent psychological and behavioral studies have shown that individuals with higher autistic traits tend to spend more time on their smartphones. However, the nature of this relationship remains unclear, as previous studies have not adequately accounted for other factors that may influence it and have largely relied on subjective, self-reported measures. Aim: The present study aims to examine the relationship between autistic traits and smartphone screen time among adults while considering the mediating role of personality traits and negative psychological factors, namely depression and anxiety. The study employed a novel approach by assessing smartphone use through objectively recorded data rather than traditional self-reported measures. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 235 participants, who completed six online questionnaires. The study measures included demographics, the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ-10), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Big Five Personality Traits Questionnaire, and an objective measure of smartphone screen time. The study was preregistered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) before the start of data collection. Results: The results showed that autistic traits were not significantly associated with smartphone screen time. Likewise, the mediating effects of negative psychological factors and personality traits on this relationship were not significant. However, smartphone screen time showed positive correlations with depression and conscientiousness. Additionally, autistic traits were positively correlated with depression, anxiety, and neuroticism, and negatively correlated with conscientiousness and agreeableness. Conclusion: The present study suggests that autistic traits are not directly associated with smartphone screen time in adults. This relation may be influenced by cultural, methodological, and demographic factors. However, both autistic traits and smartphone use are linked to personality traits and mental health, highlighting the importance of considering these individual differences when examining smartphone behavior and designing interventions for individuals with elevated autistic traits.

Date of Award	2025
Original language	American English
Awarding Institution	HBKU College of Science and Engineering