The development of a new electrochemical sensor based on Cu₂O@C core–shell and polyalizarin/nafion polymers for determination of bisphenol A at two area potentials

In this paper, employing a hydrothermal method, we synthesized Cu₂O nanoparticles and Cu₂O@C core–shell. The scanning electron microscope (SEM), X -Ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential techniques were used for characterized of the Cu₂O nanoparticles and Cu₂O@C core–shell. The zeta potential values were obtained to be -11.16 mV and -0.88 mV for Cu₂O and Cu₂O@C, respectively. The average hydrodynamic size of diameter for Cu₂O and Cu₂O@C was obtained as 48-62 nm and 200-250 nm by DLS method. Polyalizarin yellowe R (PAYR) and Nafion (Nf) conductive polymers with Cu₂O@C core–shell immobilizing on glassy carbon electrode (PAYR/Cu2O@C /Nf/GCE), they were applyed for fabrication of an original electrochemical sensor to detect and determine bisphenol A. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedimetric techniques were employed to confirm the proposed sensor construction. Furthermore, the electrocatalytic-based oxidation behavior which electrode showed was studyed by cyclic voltammetry and differential puls voltammetry (DPV) methods. The results showed that, PAYR/Cu₂O@C/Nf composite has a great electrocatalytic features for detecting and determining bisphenol A at 0.12V(OX1) and 0.63V(OX2). For OX1 peak, linear range (1 – 1400 µM), limit of detection (260 nM) and sensitivity (0.0009 µA/µM) were obtained. Moreover, considering the peak of OX2, linear range (1 – 1400 µM), limit of detection (240 nM) and sensitivity (0.0009 µA/µM) were calculated. PAYR/Cu₂O@C/Nf/GCE presented considerable advantages for instance high sensitivity, used for real samples, simple preparation, low detection of limit, and specially the oxidation of bisphenol A at two applied potentials that it reported for the first time.