Review of PV soiling particle mechanics in desert environments

Dust accumulates on photovoltaic modules through the additive processes of particle deposition, rebound, and resuspension. These mechanisms are largely controlled by air flow, and have been studied for decades via controlled wind-tunnel experiments and observational outdoor studies. With the rapid deployment of PV in desert regions, there is also a growing body of research on PV soiling. This report aims to review literature at the intersection of these topics — particle mechanics relevant to desert conditions — to explain PV soiling behavior and identify possible strategies to mitigate it. Original data on environmental parameters and PV soiling in Doha, Qatar, are presented.