Optimizing Light Management in Bifacial Perovskite Solar Cells Using Silica-Based Anti-Dust and Anti-Reflection Coatings for Harsh Environments

In this work, we demonstrate an advanced light management strategy for bifacial perovskite solar cells incorporating a silica-based anti-dust and anti-reflection (AR) coating. The silica layer provides dual functionality, enhancing optical efficiency through effective reflection suppression and protecting the solar cell surface from environmental contaminants, especially dust. The hydrophobic nature of the silica coating further prevents accumulation of dust and particulate matter, supporting a self-cleaning mechanism that maintains cell transparency and performance over extended periods. The simulation results indicated that transitioning from a monofacial to a bifacial design with a silica layer on top had a considerable impact on the PSC performance. The optimized bifacial structure demonstrated high-performance metrics, achieving a voltage of 1.35 V, a fill factor of 84.24%, a current density (J_SC) of 29.10 mA/cm², and a power conversion efficiency of 31.00% when illuminated from the electron transport layer side. When illuminated from the hole transport layer side, the structure attained an efficiency of 22.00% with a calculated bifaciality factor (BF) of 72.12%, highlighting the potential of bifacial PSC design. Our findings reveal that the addition of the silica layer led to a notable improvement in light harvesting efficiency.