Nanocellulose and nanohydrogels for the development of cleaner energy and future sustainable materials

In recent years, technologies emphasize on renewable raw materials and biocompatible and sustainable resources. Among other sustainable future functional nanomaterials, nanocellulose has received increasing interest in the field of energy, environmental remediation, and biomedical applications due to its countless unique properties including good mechanical properties, optical properties, anisotropic shape, biocompatibility, biodegradability, low cost and easy availability, and tailorable surface chemistry. Nanocellulose, a fascinating biopolymer, is usually derived from naturally occurring polymers in the biosphere and this could be synthesized from various organic sources such as from lower to higher plants, Nanohydrogel has unique potential as they combine hydrogel system with a nanoparticle. This chapter focuses on the sources of cellulose materials and hydrogels, their preparation processes, and the potential applications for cleaner energy and other sustainable areas in today’s world.