Kinetics of pollutant sorption by biosorbents: Review

A review of the mechanisms of solute sorption onto various biosorbents has been performed. The mechanisms have been subdivided into reaction based systems and diffusion based systems and the literature has been reviewed in accordance with these two groups. The range of solute-sorbent systems reviewed include metal ions, dyestuffs and several organic substances in aqueous systems onto a wide range of biosorbents and mineral earths. Extensive tables are presented summarising isotherm types, sorption capacities, kinetic models which have been applied particularly to biosorbent systems but also to many other adsorbent materials.