High accuracy traffic light controller for increasing the given green time utilization

Traffic congestion has become one of the main complications in the urban cities according to the growing number of vehicles in those cities, outdated technologies used on the streets of those cities, unsuitable road design, and several other reasons. So, that has urged the need for a more precise traffic light controlling system; the one that will help in preserving high stability at all levels of demand. This paper introduces a dynamic traffic light phase plan protocol for single-isolated intersections. The developed controlling method was compared with four other methods and showed a good performance in terms of reducing the average and maximum queue lengths, optimizing the given green time amount as needed, and increased the intersection's throughput (increased the given green time utilization). In addition, it maintained a good traffic light stability at all levels of demand.