TY - JOUR
T1 - Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019
T2 - Update From the GBD 2019 Study
AU - GBD-NHLBI-JACC Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Writing Group
AU - Roth, Gregory A.
AU - Mensah, George A.
AU - Johnson, Catherine O.
AU - Addolorato, Giovanni
AU - Ammirati, Enrico
AU - Baddour, Larry M.
AU - Barengo, Noel C.
AU - Beaton, Andrea
AU - Benjamin, Emelia J.
AU - Benziger, Catherine P.
AU - Bonny, Aime
AU - Brauer, Michael
AU - Brodmann, Marianne
AU - Cahill, Thomas J.
AU - Carapetis, Jonathan R.
AU - Catapano, Alberico L.
AU - Chugh, Sumeet
AU - Cooper, Leslie T.
AU - Coresh, Josef
AU - Criqui, Michael H.
AU - DeCleene, Nicole K.
AU - Eagle, Kim A.
AU - Emmons-Bell, Sophia
AU - Feigin, Valery L.
AU - Fernández-Sola, Joaquim
AU - Fowkes, F. Gerry R.
AU - Gakidou, Emmanuela
AU - Grundy, Scott M.
AU - He, Feng J.
AU - Howard, George
AU - Hu, Frank
AU - Inker, Lesley
AU - Karthikeyan, Ganesan
AU - Kassebaum, Nicholas J.
AU - Koroshetz, Walter J.
AU - Lavie, Carl
AU - Lloyd-Jones, Donald
AU - Lu, Hong S.
AU - Mirijello, Antonio
AU - Misganaw, Awoke T.
AU - Mokdad, Ali H.
AU - Moran, Andrew E.
AU - Muntner, Paul
AU - Narula, Jagat
AU - Neal, Bruce
AU - Ntsekhe, Mpiko
AU - Oliveira, Gláucia M.M.
AU - Otto, Catherine M.
AU - Owolabi, Mayowa O.
AU - Househ, Mowafa
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors
PY - 2020/12/22
Y1 - 2020/12/22
N2 - Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases.
AB - Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases.
KW - cardiovascular diseases
KW - global health
KW - health policy
KW - population health
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85098835749
U2 - 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010
DO - 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33309175
AN - SCOPUS:85098835749
SN - 0735-1097
VL - 76
SP - 2982
EP - 3021
JO - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
JF - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
IS - 25
ER -