Enabling resilient community microgrids with multiple points of common coupling via a rank-based model predictive control framework

This paper presents an adaptive rank-based model predictive control (MPC) scheme for voltage source converters (VSCs) operating in a low voltage, AC community microgrid with dynamically changing topology. The proposed framework enables a fully synchronized microgrid with the ability to connect multiple VSCs to the utility grid simultaneously through multiple points of common coupling (MPCC). Furthermore, the VSCs autonomously adjust their operational mode from grid-forming to grid-following and vice versa, attaining a higher margin of stability, robustness, and flexibility. The MPC framework features an adaptive ranking system that assigns operational modes of the VSCs, i.e. voltage control (grid-forming) or current control (grid-following). The MATLAB/Simulink simulated case studies validate the controller's functionality and flexibility while operating in changing microgrid configurations. A small-scale hardware testbed validates the practical implementation of the proposed controller.