Application of the concentration-dependent surface diffusion model on the multicomponent fixed-bed adsorption systems

The ability of bone char to adsorb three metal ions, namely, cadmium, copper and zinc, from effluents in fixed beds has been studied. Two binary metal ion sorption systems, Cd+Cu and Cu+Zn, have been investigated. The variables studied include metal ion solution flowrate, initial metal ion concentration, and bone char particle size bed height. The experimental breakthrough curves for each binary system were measured at five bed heights. A multicomponent film-surface diffusion model has been developed to predict the breakthrough curves by incorporating the IAS for both the Langmuir and the Sips equations, since they both correlate the single component equilibrium isotherm data well. A novel development is the modification of the solution methodology, previously restricted to a constant diffusivity, to incorporate a variable diffusivity correlated with adsorbent coverage by the constant self-diffusivity. The self-diffusivities for the metal ions have been evaluated.