An overview of technological aspects of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂solar cell architectures incorporating ZnO nanorod arrays

ZnO nanorod arrays placed within the architecture of the Cu(In, Ga)Se₂solar cell present promising concepts to maximize photoconversion by optical and electrical enhancement. Three different Cu(In,Ga)Se₂solar cell architectures utilizing ZnO nanorods are introduced. New technological insights are given for electrodeposited ZnO nanorod anti-reflection coatings, examining the reflectance of devices before and after encapsulation. For the first time, device results from superstrate and bifacial CIGSe solar cells incorporating ZnO nanorods are presented. The potential benefits as well as technological aspects of fabricating these new architectures are discussed. Scanning electron microscope picture of the cross-section of an industrially produced CIGSe solar cell with a ZnO nanorod anti-reflection coating.(Figure Presented).