AI-Driven Energy Optimization: Household Power Consumption Prediction With LSTM Networks and PyTorch-Ray Tune in Smart IoT Systems

Energy optimization is critical in smart home systems and IoT networks, necessitating innovative models that reduce energy use. This research presents two Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network models for estimating home power consumption using time-series data. The first model employs a standard LSTM technique with multivariate characteristics including global active power, voltage, and sub-metering variables. This technique strikes a balance between prediction accuracy and computing economy, making it ideal for resource-constrained applications. The second model provides an optimized version of the LSTM, which uses PyTorch and Ray Tune for hyperparameter optimization. The optimization focuses on tweaking learning rates, batch sizes, and LSTM layers to improve model accuracy and convergence speed. Using hyperparameter tuning, the Mean Squared Error (MSE) for global active power forecasts is decreased to 0.0018, proving its appropriateness for low-resource IoT systems. Both models are tested on a resampled real-world household electric power consumption dataset for effective training. The study emphasizes the advantages of multivariate time-series analysis and hyperparameter optimization, demonstrating that the optimized LSTM model can accurately predict energy consumption, enhance energy management in smart homes, and lower computing costs. Future work will look into combining more IoT data streams and real-world deployment for further improvement. The findings add to the expanding body of knowledge about energy optimization in IoT environments, addressing the crucial demand for effective, real-time energy management systems.