A quantitative index to evaluate the commutation failure probability of LCC-HVDC with a synchronous condenser

Since thyristor cannot turn off automatically, line commutated converter based high voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) will inevitably fail to commutate and therefore auxiliary controls or voltage control devices are needed to improve the commutation failure immunity of the LCC-HVDC system. The voltage control device, a synchronous condenser (SC), can effectively suppress the commutation failure of the LCC-HVDC system. However, there is a need for a proper evaluation index that can quantitatively assess the ability of the LCC-HVDC system to resist the occurrence of commutation failures. At present, the main quantitative evaluation indicators include the commutation failure immunity index and the commutation failure probability index. Although they can reflect the resistance of the LCC-HVDC system to commutation failures to a certain extent, they are all based on specific working conditions and cannot comprehensively evaluate the impact of SCs on suppressing the commutation failure of the LCC-HVDC system under certain fault ranges. In order to more comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the influence of SCs on the commutation failure susceptibility of the LCC-HVDC system under certain fault ranges, this paper proposes the area ratio of commutation failure probability. The accuracy of this new index was verified through the PSCAD/EMTDC. Based on the CIGRE benchmark model, the effects of different synchronous condensers on LCC-HVDC commutation failure were analyzed. The results showed that the new index could effectively and more precisely evaluate the effect of SCs on commutation failures. Moreover, the proposed index could provide a theoretical basis for the capacity allocation of SCs in practical projects and it could also be utilized for evaluating the impact of other dynamic reactive power compensators on the commutation failure probability of the LCC-HVDC system under certain fault ranges.