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A principal component meta-analysis on multiple anthropometric traits identifies novel loci for body shape

  • Janina S. Ried
  • , Janina M. Jeff
  • , Audrey Y. Chu
  • , Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham
  • , Jenny Van Dongen
  • , Jennifer E. Huffman
  • , Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia
  • , Gemma Cadby
  • , Niina Eklund
  • , Joel Eriksson
  • , Toñu Esko
  • , Mary F. Feitosa
  • , Anuj Goel
  • , Mathias Gorski
  • , Caroline Hayward
  • , Nancy L. Heard-Costa
  • , Anne U. Jackson
  • , Eero Jokinen
  • , Stavroula Kanoni
  • , Kati Kristiansson
  • Zoltán Kutalik, Jari Lahti, Jian'an Luan, Reedik Mägi, Anubha Mahajan, Massimo Mangino, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Keri L. Monda, Ilja M. Nolte, Louis Pérusse, Inga Prokopenko, Lu Qi, Lynda M. Rose, Erika Salvi, Megan T. Smith, Harold Snieder, Alena Standáková, Yun Ju Sung, Ioanna Tachmazidou, Alexander Teumer, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Pim Van Der Harst, Ryan W. Walker, Sophie R. Wang, Sarah H. Wild, Sara M. Willems, Andrew Wong, Weihua Zhang, Eva Albrecht, Alexessander Couto Alves, Stephan J.L. Bakker, Cristina Barlassina, Traci M. Bartz, John Beilby, Claire Bellis, Richard N. Bergman, Sven Bergmann, John Blangero, Matthias Blüher, Eric Boerwinkle, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Stefan R. Bornstein, Marcel Bruinenberg, Harry Campbell, Yii Der Ida Chen, Charleston W.K. Chiang, Peter S. Chines, Francis S. Collins, Fracensco Cucca, L. Adrienne Cupples, Francesca D'avila, Eco J.C. De Geus, George Dedoussis, Maria Dimitriou, Angela Döring, Johan G. Eriksson, Aliki Eleni Farmaki, Martin Farrall, Teresa Ferreira, Krista Fischer, Nita G. Forouhi, Nele Friedrich, Anette Prior Gjesing, Nicola Glorioso, Mariaelisa Graff, Harald Grallert, Niels Grarup, Jürgen Gräßler, Jagvir Grewal, Anders Hamsten, Marie Neergaard Harder, Catharina A. Hartman, Maija Hassinen, Nicholas Hastie, Andrew Tym Hattersley, Aki S. Havulinna, Markku Heliövaara, Hans Hillege, Albert Hofman, Oddgeir Holmen, Georg Homuth, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Jennie Hui, Lise Lotte Husemoen, Pirro G. Hysi, Aaron Isaacs, Till Ittermann, Shapour Jalilzadeh, Alan L. James, Torben Jørgensen, Pekka Jousilahti, Antti Jula, Johanne Marie Justesen, Anne E. Justice, Mika Kähönen, Maria Karaleftheri, Kay Tee Khaw, Sirkka M. Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Leena Kinnunen, Paul B. Knekt, Heikki A. Koistinen, Ivana Kolcic, Ishminder K. Kooner, Seppo Koskinen, Peter Kovacs, Theodosios Kyriakou, Tomi Laitinen, Claudia Langenberg, Alexandra M. Lewin, Peter Lichtner, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Jaana Lindström, Allan Linneberg, Roberto Lorbeer, Mattias Lorentzon, Robert Luben, Valeriya Lyssenko, Satu Männistö, Paolo Manunta, Irene Mateo Leach, Wendy L. Mcardle, Barbara Mcknight, Karen L. Mohlke, Evelin Mihailov, Lili Milani, Rebecca Mills, May E. Montasser, Andrew P. Morris, Gabriele Müller, Arthur W. Musk, Narisu Narisu, Ken K. Ong, Ben A. Oostra, Clive Osmond, Aarno Palotie, James S. Pankow, Lavinia Paternoster, Brenda W. Penninx, Irene Pichler, Maria G. Pilia, Ozren Polašek, Peter P. Pramstaller, Olli T. Raitakari, Tuomo Rankinen, D. C. Rao, Nigel W. Rayner, Rasmus Ribel-Madsen, Treva K. Rice, Marcus Richards, Paul M. Ridker, Fernando Rivadeneira, Kathy A. Ryan, Serena Sanna, Mark A. Sarzynski, Salome Scholtens, Robert A. Scott, Sylvain Sebert, Lorraine Southam, Thomas Hempel Sparsø, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Kathleen Stirrups, Ronald P. Stolk, Konstantin Strauch, Heather M. Stringham, Morris A. Swertz, Amy J. Swift, Anke Tönjes, Emmanouil Tsafantakis, Peter J. Van Der Most, Jana V. Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Liesbeth Vandenput, Erkki Vartiainen, Cristina Venturini, Niek Verweij, Jorma S. Viikari, Veronique Vitart, Marie Claude Vohl, Judith M. Vonk, Gérard Waeber, Elisabeth Widén, Gonneke Willemsen, Tom Wilsgaard, Thomas W. Winkler, Alan F. Wright, Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong, Jing Hua Zhao, M. Carola Zillikens, Dorret I. Boomsma, Claude Bouchard, John C. Chambers, Daniel I. Chasman, Daniele Cusi, Ron T. Gansevoort, Christian Gieger, Torben Hansen, Andrew A. Hicks, Frank Hu, Kristian Hveem, Marjo Riitta Jarvelin, Eero Kajantie, Jaspal S. Kooner, Diana Kuh, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Timo A. Lakka, Terho Lehtimäki, Andres Metspalu, Inger Njølstad, Claes Ohlsson, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Lyle J. Palmer, Oluf Pedersen, Markus Perola, Annette Peters, Bruce M. Psaty, Hannu Puolijoki, Rainer Rauramaa, Igor Rudan, Veikko Salomaa, Peter E.H. Schwarz, Alan R. Shudiner, Jan H. Smit, Thorkild I.A. Sørensen, Timothy D. Spector, Kari Stefansson, Michael Stumvoll, Angelo Tremblay, Jaakko Tuomilehto, André G. Uitterlinden, Matti Uusitupa, Uwe Völker, Peter Vollenweider, Nicholas J. Wareham, Hugh Watkins, James F. Wilson, Eleftheria Zeggini, Goncalo R. Abecasis, Michael Boehnke, Ingrid B. Borecki, Panos Deloukas, Cornelia M. Van Duijn, Caroline Fox, Leif C. Groop, Iris M. Heid, David J. Hunter, Robert C. Kaplan, Mark I. Mccarthy, Kari E. North, Jeffrey R. O'connell, David Schlessinger, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, David P. Strachan, Timothy Frayling, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Ruth J.F. Loos*
*Corresponding author for this work
  • Institute of Genetic Epidemiology
  • Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health
  • The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
  • Division of Preventive Medicine
  • Brigham and Women’s Hospital
  • Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center
  • University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Department of Biological Psychology
  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
  • University of Edinburgh
  • University of Copenhagen
  • Novo Nordisk Foundation
  • University of Western Australia
  • Department of Health
  • National Institute for Health and Welfare
  • Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition
  • Institute of Medicine
  • Harvard University
  • Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology
  • Boston Children's Hospital
  • University of Tartu
  • Department of Genetics
  • Division of Statistical Genomics
  • Washington University St. Louis
  • University of Oxford
  • Department of Nephrology
  • University of Regensburg
  • Department of Genetic Epidemiology
  • National Heart
  • National Heart Lung and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study
  • Department of Neurology
  • Boston University
  • Department of Biostatistics
  • University of Helsinki
  • Human Genetics
  • Queen Mary University of London
  • Institute for Molecular Genetics Finland
  • Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
  • Department of Medical Genetics
  • University of Lausanne
  • Folkhalsan
  • Institute of Behavioural Sciences
  • University of Cambridge
  • Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology
  • King's College London
  • Department of Epidemiology
  • Erasmus University Rotterdam
  • Department of Internal Medicine
  • Department of Epidemiology
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  • Center for Observational Research
  • Amgen Incorporated
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  • University of Groningen
  • Department of Kinesiology
  • Université Laval
  • Department of Genomics of Common Disease
  • Imperial College London
  • Department of Medicine
  • Department of Nutrition
  • Department of Health Sciences
  • University of Milan
  • Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit
  • Filarete Foundation
  • University of Washington
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  • University of Eastern Finland
  • Division of Biostatistics
  • Institute for Community Medicine
  • University of Greifswald
  • Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics
  • deCode Genetic - Amgen Inc
  • Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research
  • Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands
  • Department of Genetics
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  • Program in Medical and Population Genetics
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Division of Endocrinology
  • Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics
  • Centre for Global Health Research
  • University College London
  • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
  • London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust
  • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
  • Medical Research Council
  • Department of Medicine
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  • Cardiovascular Health Research Unit
  • PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA
  • School of Pathology
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  • Queensland University of Technology
  • Human Genetics
  • Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
  • Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute
  • Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
  • University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
  • IFB Adiposity Diseases
  • Leipzig University
  • Department of Medicine
  • Human Genetics Center
  • University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
  • Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Technische Universität Dresden
  • University of California at Los Angeles
  • Department of Psychiatry
  • University of Sassari
  • VU University Medical Center
  • Department of Dietetics-Nutrition
  • Harokopio University
  • Institute of Epidemiology i
  • Institute of Epidemiology II
  • Department of Chronic Disease Prevention
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  • Hypertension and Related Disease Centre
  • German Center for Diabetes Research
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  • Karolinska Institutet
  • Atherosclerosis Research Unit
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  • University Medical Center Groningen
  • Institue of Biomedical and Clinical Science
  • University of Exeter
  • HUNT Research Centre
  • Norwegian University of Science and Technology
  • School of Population Health
  • Research Centre for Prevention and Health
  • Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep
  • Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital
  • Department of Clinical Medicine
  • Faculty of Medicine
  • Aalborg University
  • Research Centre for Prevention and Health
  • Department of Clinical Physiology
  • Tampere University
  • Echinos Medical Centre
  • Clinical Gerontology Unit
  • Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
  • Institute of Health Sciences
  • University of Oulu
  • Unit of General Practice
  • Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology
  • Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research Helsinki
  • Department of Public Health
  • University of Split
  • Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine
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  • Institute of Human Genetics
  • Department of Clinical Experimental Research
  • Department of Clinical Science
  • Lund University
  • Department of Nephrology
  • Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
  • University of Bristol
  • Division of Public Health Sciences
  • Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
  • Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition
  • University of Maryland, Baltimore
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  • University of Liverpool
  • Department of Respiratory Medicine
  • Department of Paediatrics
  • MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit
  • Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit
  • Massachusetts General Hospital
  • Division of Epidemiology and Community Health
  • University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  • Department of Psychiatry
  • EURAC Research
  • Affiliated Institute
  • University of LuB(beck
  • National Research Council of Italy
  • Department of Neurology
  • General Central Hospital
  • Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine
  • University of Turku
  • Human Genomics Laboratory
  • LSU Pennington Biomedical Research Center
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  • Biocenter Oulu
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  • Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
  • Anogia Medical Centre
  • Department of Endocrinology
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  • University of Tromsø – The Arctic University of Norway
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  • Children's Hospital Helsinki
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  • University of Adelaide
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  • German Centre for Cardiovascular Research
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  • Group Health Cooperative
  • South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital
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  • University for Continuing Education Krems
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  • King Abdulaziz University
  • Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition
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  • FIMM Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland
  • Department of Epidemiology
  • Department of Epidemiology and Population Health
  • Albert Einstein College of Medicine
  • National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre
  • Population Health Research Institute
  • St. George's University of London
  • Genetics of Complex Traits
  • Metabolism Initiative
  • Broad Institute
  • Department of Medicine I
  • The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program
  • The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute
  • Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
  • Department of Neurology

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Large consortia have revealed hundreds of genetic loci associated with anthropometric traits, one trait at a time. We examined whether genetic variants affect body shape as a composite phenotype that is represented by a combination of anthropometric traits. We developed an approach that calculates averaged PCs (AvPCs) representing body shape derived from six anthropometric traits (body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio). The first four AvPCs explain >99% of the variability, are heritable, and associate with cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed genome-wide association analyses for each body shape composite phenotype across 65 studies and meta-analysed summary statistics. We identify six novel loci: LEMD2 and CD47 for AvPC1, RPS6KA5/C14orf159 and GANAB for AvPC3, and ARL15 and ANP32 for AvPC4. Our findings highlight the value of using multiple traits to define complex phenotypes for discovery, which are not captured by single-trait analyses, and may shed light onto new pathways.

Original languageEnglish
Article number13357
JournalNature Communications
Volume7
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 23 Nov 2016
Externally publishedYes

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