Production of biodegradable mulching film coupling biochar and limestone for implementation in arid land agriculture

Crop production in arid and semi-arid regions (e.g., MENA, Qatar) faces severe constraints: low rainfall, high temperatures, evapotranspiration, saline/low-fertility soils, and limited irrigation. Modern technologies remain scarce, reducing productivity. Mulching sheets are vital for sustainable agriculture, enhancing soil moisture, nutrient efficiency, and crop health. This project develops an innovative biodegradable mulching film made from cellulose (recycled packaging waste), biochar (organic residues), and limestone (CaCO₃). Cellulose provides the film matrix, biochar improves fertility, water retention, and carbon sequestration, while limestone strengthens the film, balances soil pH, and improves cost-effectiveness. The film offers multiple benefits: better soil moisture retention, moderated temperature, improved nutrient cycling, enhanced yield, and reduced root disease. Environmentally, it promotes CO₂ sequestration, reduces plastic waste, and biodegrades post-harvest. Economically, it integrates circular economy principles, lowers costs, and creates opportunities for recycling and sustainable film industries. Ultimately, this solution supports farmers, industry, and policymakers by advancing climate-smart agriculture, improving soil and water efficiency, and replacing plastic mulch with a scalable, eco-friendly alternative for dryland farming.

Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)